Consequently the coastline is receding extremely quickly. The cliffs between Reculver and Herne Bay, which rise up to 30 metres (98 ft) in height, are highly vulnerable to erosion since they are composed of soft sand and clays originally laid down in shallow seas about 60 million years ago. While the churchyard to the north of the church has long since been lost to the sea, together with a large proportion of the Roman fort, Reculver continues to be threatened by the retreating coastline. Recent archaeological excavations have shown that the site has been occupied since pre-historic times. Called "Regulbium", the fort guarded the northern end of what were then the broad, navigable waters of the Wantsum Channel, which separated the Isle of Thanet from the rest of Kent. The ruins form a backdrop to wide Thames-side marshes and are sited within the remains of the Roman, Saxon Shore fort. Owing to historic coastal erosion, the church ruins are now on the edge of a cliff. The twin towers were once topped with spires. Remains of the 12th century church of St.
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